The Kerala phenomena is the unexplained high well-being in an Indian state which may otherwise be called an economic disaster. Neither India, nor any of the many international development agencies can claim credit for the well-being success of Kerala (as contrasted to India---an India which apparently has enjoyed all the same opportunities and suffered the same limitations).

Curious human behavior in Kerala has attracted development scholars. (Murdoch, Ratcliffe) They observed the achievement of a desirable level of well-being without the support of economic growth. Unable to escape from the accepted dogma of economic growth, these scholars could not advance their study of this behavior, however desirable. (Douthwaite)  The Scientific American called the Kerala behavior a mystery inside an enigma. (Wallich)

Those who prefer explanations in the language of economics will consider the efficiency of Kerala behavior in the creation of well-being. Some may wish to consider class/caste { explanations and will note the deleterious effect of Indian stratified endogamy on well-being. Others will be interested to note the beneficial synergism between western technologies and gender equity.

(Directory)  March 20, 2000